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Key Indicators to Measure Supply Chain Performance

There is a lot of metrics to keep track in the varies function, but a supply chain should focus the essential or real Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) which will display the most important headlines immediately. It should not be difficult to determine which KPIs to capture, nonetheless, every industries and environment is unique, it is not prescriptive here but merely a guide for majority organization for a most reliable source of actionable performance data. They were namely – Perfect Orders, Fill Rates, Cash to Cash Cycle Time, Inventory Days of Supply, Customer Order Cycle Time and Total Supply Chain Management Cost as Percentage of Sales.

Performance Indicator of Order Fulfilment

Always aim for perfect orders, results in associate with your performance, provide an insight of challenges impacting services, cost and supply chain effectiveness.

The key components are:

On time delivery – a calculation that determined by the percentage of sales orders that delivered on time.
In full delivery – the percentage of sales orders that are delivered as per promised, in good contents categorized under quantity and quality of the say the contains.
Damage-free delivery – measurement can be incorporated into full metric as above or stand-alone.
Accurate documentation – the percentage of sales orders which is accomplished with required documents throughout. Documents may vary but commonly includes advance shipment notification, labels and invoices. In some cases, heat test, milling certificates, certificates of origin, certificates of free sales, etc.are essential and normally imposed with a fine for not providing them on time.

getting the perfect order percentage
Image taken from https://www.benchmarkingsuccess.com/top-supply-chain-kpis/

Performance Indicator of Fill Rate

It is always good to keep records of the fill rate which allows you to move ahead on the full performance. It can be important to customer satisfaction and has implications for transportation efficiency.

The key components are:

Order fill – the percentage of orders successfully delivered on the first attempt.
Line fill – the percentage of order lines successfully delivered on the first attempt.
Unit fill – the percentage of items delivered on the first attempt.

fill rate
Image taken from https://www.slideteam.net/kpi-for-committed-date-order-fill-rate-items-picked-per-hour-presentation-slide.html

Cash Conversion Cycle Time

Cash Conversion Cycle Time may not always be a financial KPI but provides other aspects of supply chain health.
Reduced cycle time is a good indication that leanness is increasing, releasing your capital spend that comes along with your business’ profitability which also as a guide to how well your supply chain assets are being utilised.

cash conversion cycle
Image taken from https://accountingplay.com/glossary/cash_conversion_cycle/

Inventory Days of Supply

This KPI tells you the number of days your inventory would last without replenishment, before running out yet always seeks to minimize inventory days of supply in order to reduce the risks of excess and obsolete inventory. Other financial benefits to minimizing this metric are that excess inventory tends to tie up operational cash flow.

supply in inventory
Image taken from https://www.tradecloud1.com/en/all-17-key-metrics-for-supply-chain-management-that-you-ever-need-updated/

Customer Lifecycle

This indicator measures how long it takes to deliver a customer order after the purchase order (PO) is received, actual delivery date – purchase order creation date. A variant of this is the promised customer order cycle time: date – purchase order creation date, requested delivery date – purchase order creation date.The customer order cycle time KPI is useful for evaluating customer service and supply chain responsiveness, it measures the number of days between receipt of a purchase order and completion of the customer’s delivery.Customer order cycle time also helps when diagnosing issues with the cash to cash cycle, especially of the latter is increasing over time.

Shipping policy
Images taken from https://www.business2community.com/strategy/how-to-reach-the-efficient-frontier-0577588; https://www.datapine.com/dashboard-examples-and-templates/customer-service; https://toughnickel.com/business/SAP-Order-To-Cash-SAP-OTC

Importance of Performance Indicators

KPIs were used for performance measurement to ensure business activity are always evaluating against a static benchmark. One is able to visualise the fluctuations immediately for a quick respond and if performance moves in the desire results.If consistently meeting or exceeding the required goals, you may set a higher standard by raising the bar to achieve your business improvement strategy.It also plays a part in attracting and retaining customers. In any business, it is also tied into agreements or contracts as a service level agreement to provide visibility of performance, objective quantitative and qualitative evaluation, align them with goals and sharpen the focus on improvement. Should performance fall below have agreed levels, probable application of penalties may apply.


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References

Lim Hun Meng, GDSCM (2019). “Data Analytics for Optimizing Inventory”. Retrieved from SIPMM: https://publication.sipmm.edu.sg/data-analytics-optimising-inventory/ accessed 15/12/2019.

McKinsey & Company (2016). “Supply Chain 4.0 – the next-generation digital supply chain”. Retrieved from https://www.mckinsey.com/business-functions/operations/our-insights/supply-chain-40–the-next-generation-digital-supply-chain accessed 15/12/2019.

Natalie Boyd (2019). “Measuring Supply Chain Performance: Key Performance Indicators”. Retrieved from https://study.com/academy/lesson/measuring-supply-chain-performance-key-performance-indicators.html accessed 15/12/2019.

NithianandanSuprimaniam, PDLM (2019). “Effective Logistics Fulfilment for EPC Projects”. Retrieved from SIPMM: https://publication.sipmm.edu.sg/effective-logistics-fulfilment-epc-projects/ 15/12/2019.

Rob O’Byrne (2019). “Supply Chain Performance Dashboards: 6 KPIs to Keep Them Simple”. Retrieved from https://www.benchmarkingsuccess.com/top-supply-chain-kpis/, accessed 15/12/2019.

Sandra Durcevic. (2018). “10 Supply Chain Metrics & KPIs You Need for A Successful Business”. Retrieved from https://www.datapine.com/blog/supply-chain-metrics-and-kpis/ accessed 15/12/2019.

Wong Siew Ing, DLSM (2019). “Integrating Warehousing and Food Distributions”. Retrieved from SIPMM: https://publication.sipmm.edu.sg/key-issues-integrating-warehousing-food-distributions/, accessed 15/12/2019.

Benny Seet Jin Peng
Benny Seet Jin Peng
Benny Seet Jin Peng has extensive experiences in Logistics, Shipping & Order Fulfilment. He is passionate about exploring the potential applications of Logistics integration with Supply Chain to improve workplace efficiency and reduce cost for an organization. Benny is a member of the Singapore Institute of Purchasing and Materials Management (SIPMM), and he completed the Diploma in Logistics and Supply Management (DLSM) course on December 2019 at SIPMM Institute.
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